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　　浙江师范大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题（A卷）

　　科目代码: 651 科目名称: 综合英语（含英汉互译）

　　适用专业: 050201英语语言文学、050211外国语言学及应用语言学

　　提示：

　　1、请将所有答案写于答题纸上，写在试题上的不给分；

　　2、请填写准考证号后6位：____________。

　　Part One Vocabulary (45%, 1.5 points each)

　　Directions: In this part you must complete the following sentences by choosing one suitable word or phrase from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　1. She felt ashamed that she had made such a mess. But this time she set ____ work ___ a will.

　　A. to, with

　　B. to, at

　　C. out, with

　　D. aside, in

　　2. ______ in the pouring rain, he fell ill and had to stay in bed.

　　A. Being caught

　　B. Caught

　　C. Having been caught

　　D. Having caught

　　3. I don’t pretend to know very much about physics. So I won’t go ______ the scientific theory.

　　A. into

　　B. to

　　C. for

　　D. in

　　4. As soon as she got home, she set ______ preparing dinner.

　　A. to

　　B. about

　　C. forth

　　D. out

　　5. Do you feel like ______ to a film or would you rather ______ at home.

　　A. to go, to stay

　　B. going, stay

　　C. to go, staying

　　D. going, to stay

　　6. By the time this article goes to press, I ______ my master’s degree in hand.

　　A. would have

　　B. would have had

　　C. will have

　　D. should have

　　7. The salesman wanted to get ______ of the profit than he has been offered.

　　A. 10 percent more

　　B. 10 more percent

　　C. more than 10 percent

　　D. as much as 10 percent

　　8. In theory there are no limits ______ what young people can achieve in this country.

　　A. in

　　B. at

　　C. for

　　D. to

　　9. Courage means moving forward ______ you are afraid that you might not accomplish what you want.

　　A. even if

　　B. while

　　C. even though

　　D. as

　　10. When she saw how frightened he was at his mistake, her anger began to ______.

　　A. fade away

　　B. fall down

　　C. die out

　　D. die down

　　11. We have had enough of those ______ promises. This time they will have to deliver.

　　A. hollow

　　B. empty

　　C. vacant

　　D. bare

　　12. ______ we will be ______ compete with the world’s strongest football team in a few years’ time.

　　A. On my money, at a position to

　　B. For my dough, be enabled to

　　C. With my money, ready to

　　D. For my money, in a position to

　　13. People who are ______ such great talents are usually ______.

　　A. conferred with, few and far between

　　B. blessed with, few and far

　　C. endowed with, few and far between

　　D. gifted, fare and far between

　　14. Their government says that for the sake of their national safety they will have to take military action, but many people ______ that military action will not ______ a world of peace and harmony.

　　A. counter by saying, make for

　　B. contradict by saying, make up

　　C. oppose by saying, make

　　D. object by saying, make it up for

　　15. The sudden bankruptcy of these financial giants threw the investors ______ and caused them to ______.

　　A. in pain, panic

　　B. in a panic, stampede

　　C. in confusion, hold their stocks

　　D. in despair, withdraw gradually

　　16. The man was ______ for air. He ______ a fish out of water.

　　A. gasping, put me in mind of

　　B. breathing, put me in mind of

　　C. gulping, reminded me

　　D. gasping, remind me of

　　17. In the dark, the building in the middle of nowhere looked rather ______.

　　A. strange

　　B. peculiar

　　C. odd

　　D. weird

　　18. An effective way to promote self-confidence in children is ______ to do things for themselves.

　　A. encouraging them

　　B. that they should be encouraged

　　C. to encourage them

　　D. how they should be encouraged

　　19. Nobody can carry three watermelons under ______ arm.

　　A. an

　　B. one

　　C. one’s

　　D. a human

　　20. A professor is ______ to know something about everything and everything about something.

　　A. assumed

　　B. presumed

　　C. supposed

　　D. suggested

　　21. He ______ have gone to medical school, but his grades were too low.

　　A. would

　　B. should

　　C. must

　　D. will

　　22. She was quite a lively ______ in our school.

　　A. person

　　B. personage

　　C. personnel

　　D. personality

　　23. ______ that the business tycoon was a right-hand man of the Gestapo.

　　A. As is alleged

　　B. As alleged

　　C. It is alleged

　　D. It alleged

　　24. I have never seen anybody who will ______ money as greedily as he does.

　　A. grip

　　B. grab

　　C. seize

　　D. grasp

　　25. Don’t ever drive past a hitchhiker, ______?

　　A. will you

　　B. don’t you

　　C. do you

　　D. can you

　　26. Until he took off his glasses ______.

　　A. I didn’t recognize him

　　B. I hadn’t recognized him

　　C. didn’t I recognize him

　　D. hadn’t I recognized him

　　27. Do you believe that only ______ people can produce literature that is ______ of our great nation?

　　A. worthwhile, worth

　　B. worthy, worthy

　　C. worth, worthwhile

　　D. worthwhile, worthwhile

　　28. It suddenly ______ her mind that after she ______ the baby they would have to find a nurse.

　　A. came across, raised

　　B. occurred to, bore

　　C. struck, gave birth of

　　D. crossed, gave birth to

　　29. Each year, thousands of square kilometers of land suffers from ______ erosion.

　　A. earth

　　B. mud

　　C. soil

　　D. land

　　30. “When will Dad come back to take me to the circus?” asked my daughter ______.

　　“Soon,” I replied, but I knew that my husband was not going to come back.

　　A. innocently

　　B. brightly

　　C. sourly

　　D. cheerfully

　　Part Two Reading Comprehension (45%)

　　Section A (30 points, 2 points each)

　　Directions: In this part there are three passages followed by a total of 15 multiple choice questions, each with four suggested answers marked with A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE you think is the best answer and then write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　Text A

　　Theodore Dreiser is old --- he is very, very old. I do not know how many years he has lived, perhaps fifty, but he is very old. Something gray and bleak and hurtful, that has been in the world perhaps forever, is personified in him.

　　When Dreiser is gone men shall write books, many of them, and in the books they shall write there will be so many of the qualities Dreiser lacks. The new, the younger men shall have a sense of humor, and everyone knows Dreiser has no sense of humor. More than that, American prose writers shall have grace, lightness of touch, a dream of beauty breaking through the husks of life.

　　O, those who follow him shall have many things that Dreiser does not have. That is a part of the wonder and beauty of Theodore Dreiser, the things that others shall have because of him.

　　Long ago, when he was editor of the Delineator, Dreiser went one day, with a woman friend, to visit an orphan asylum. The woman once told me the story of that afternoon in the big, ugly gray building, folding and refolding his pocket-handkerchief and watching the children --- all in their little uniforms, trooping in.

　　“The tears ran down his cheeks and he shook his head,” the woman said, and that is a real picture of Theodore Dreiser. He is old in spirit and he does not know what to do with life, so he tells about it as he sees it, simply and honestly. The tears run down his cheeks and he folds and refolds the pocket-handkerchief and shakes his head.

　　Heavy, heavy, the feet of Theodore. How easy to pick some of his books to pieces, to laugh at him for so much of his heavy prose.

　　The feet of Theodore are making a path, the heavy brutal feet. They are tramping through the wilderness of lies, making a path. Presently the path will be a street, with great arches overhead and delicately carved spires piercing the sky. Along the street will run children, shouting, “Look at me. See what I and my fellows of the new day have done” --- forgetting the heavy feet of Dreiser.

　　The fellows of the ink-pots, the prose writers in America who follow Dreiser, will have much to do that has never done. Their road is long but, because of him, those who follow will never have to face the road through the wilderness of Puritan denial, the road that Dreiser faced alone.

　　Heavy, heavy, hangs over thy head,

　　Fine, or superfine?

　　31. This passage is to ______.

　　A. criticize Theodore Dreiser

　　B. praise Theodore Dreiser

　　C. defend Theodore Dreiser

　　D. ridicule Theodore Dreiser

　　32. “Heavy, heavy, the feet of Theodore.” It means ______.

　　A. Theodore Dreiser was very, very old

　　B. Theodore Dreiser was old in spirit

　　C. Theodore Dreiser was tramping through the wilderness

　　D. the tone in Theodore Dreiser’s works was very heavy

　　33. What happened when Dreiser went to an orphan asylum one day?

　　A. He burst into tears.

　　B. He felt pity for the children there.

　　C. He shook his head.

　　D. All of the above.

　　34. What is the meaning of “the fellows of the ink-pots”?

　　A. People who follow Theodore Dreiser.

　　B. People who like Theodore Dreiser.

　　C. People who write.

　　D. People who write prose.

　　35. What can you infer from the passage?

　　A. Dreiser had no sense of humor.

　　B. Dreiser lived a hard life throughout his life.

　　C. Dreiser paved a way for the younger writers in America.

　　D. Both A and B.

　　Text B

　　The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.

　　Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect,” a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects --- a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen --- is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.

　　Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.

　　Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death.”

　　George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. “It’s like surgery,” he says. “We don’t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn’t intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you are a physician, you can risk your patient’s suicide as long as you don’t intend their suicide.”

　　On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.

　　Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of end-of-life care.

　　The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospitals, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.

　　Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. “Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering,” to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse.” He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear…that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension.”

　　36. From the first three paragraphs, we learn that ______.

　　A. doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients’ pain

　　B. it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives

　　C. the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide

　　D. patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide

　　37. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

　　A. Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients’ death.

　　B. Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.

　　C. The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed.

　　D. A doctor’s medication is no longer justified by his intentions.

　　38. According to the NAS’s report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is ______.

　　A. prolonged medical procedures

　　B. inadequate treatment of pain

　　C. systematic drug abuse

　　D. insufficient hospital care

　　39. Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive” (Line 3, Paragraph 7)?

　　A. Bold.

　　B. Harmful.

　　C. Careless.

　　D. Desperate.

　　40. George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they ______.

　　A. manage their patients incompetently

　　B. give patients more medicine than needed

　　C. reduce drug dosages for their patients

　　D. prolong the needless suffering of the patients

　　Text C

　　They sat in silence for some time while Mrs. Gannet knitted with intense concentration. There was silence in the room except for the click of the needles, which nevertheless sounded hostile to Max.

　　“I wish you’d tell me,” said his mother leaning forward with the air of a predatory pterodactyl (cruel, fierce and by rights extinct), “I wish you’d tell me just why you think that wretched girl needs your protection? If you ask me, it’s you that ought to be protected.”

　　Max had a brainwave.

　　“Her father was against women working,” he said. Now this was a really brilliant stroke --- a particularly well-calculated piece of tactics for nothing roused Mrs. Gannet so much as the slightest suggestion of male injustice to females. She would abandon any subject of argument, no matter how promising, in order to inveigh against the horrors of male dominance in spheres where females ought to have equal rights. She developed the well-known arguments at great length while Max sat back with a sigh of relief and congratulated himself on his escape from the usual prolonged and agonizing row. From time to time he skillfully fed the flames of his mother’s wrath, taking care not to revert to the original subject of their tiff. These tactics succeeded admirably and the storm blew over.

　　41. What is the possible meaning of the word “pterodactyl” (Line 2, Paragraph 2)?

　　A. An extinct animal.

　　B. Mrs. Gannet’s pet.

　　C. The house maid.

　　D. Max’s boss.

　　42. What can we infer from the passage about Mrs. Gannet?

　　A. She hates the girl more than anybody else and anything else.

　　B. There is always a storm when they talk about anything.

　　C. She is concerned about women’s rights more than anything else.

　　D. She doesn’t want Max to get married.

　　43. Max escaped the usual lengthened and unpleasant dispute by ______.

　　A. shifting the subject of the conversation

　　B. arguing with Mrs. Gannet

　　C. remaining silent in the argument

　　D. soothing Mrs. Gannet skillfully

　　44. The word “tiff” in the last but one line probably means _____.

　　A. a fight

　　B. a friendly talk

　　C. a private consultation

　　D. a slight quarrel

　　45. Mrs. Gannet’s attitude towards Max was ______.

　　A. hostile

　　B. indifferent

　　C. friendly

　　D. concerned

　　Section B (15 points)

　　Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　(1) I should like first to recur to a point that was very well put by our leader, Reginald Fitz Urse: that you are Englishmen, and therefore your sympathies are always with the under dog. It is the English spirit of fair play. Now the worthy Archbishop, whose good qualities I very much admired, has throughout been presented as the under dog. But is this really the case? I am going to appeal not to your emotions but to your reason. You are hard-headed sensible people, as I can see, and not to be taken in by emotional clap-trap. I therefore ask you to consider soberly: what were the Archbishop’s aims? And what are King Henry’s aims? In the answer to these questions lies the key to the problem.

　　(2) The Knight’s aim has been perfectly consistent. During the reign of the late Queen Matilda and the irruption of the unhappy usurper Stephen, the kingdom was very much divided. Our King saw that the one thing needful was to restore order: to curb the excessive powers of local government, which were usually exercised for selfish and often for seditious ends, and to systematize the judiciary. There was utter chaos: there were three kinds of justice and three kinds of court: that of the King, that of the Bishops, and that of the baronage. I must repeat one point that the last speaker has made. While the late Archbishop was Chancellor, he whole-heartedly supported the King’s designs: this is an important point, which, if necessary, I can substantiate. Now the King intended that Becket, who had been heretofore himself an extremely able administrator --- no one denies that --- should unite the offices of Chancellor and Archbishop. No one would have grudged him that; no one than he was better qualified to fill at once these two most important posts. Had Becket concurred with the King’s wishes, we should have had an almost ideal State: a union of spiritual and temporal administration, under the central government. I knew Becket well, in various official relations; and I may say that I have never known a man so well qualified for the highest rank of the Civil Service. And what happened? The moment that Becket, at the King’s instance, had been made Archbishop, he resigned the office of Chancellor, he became more priestly than the priests, he ostentatiously and offensively adopted an ascetic manner of life, he openly abandoned every policy that he had heretofore supported; he affirmed immediately that there was a higher order than that which our King, and he as the King’s servant, had for so many years striven to establish; and that --- God knows why --- the two orders were incompatible.

　　(3) You will agree with me that such interference by an Archbishop offends the instincts of a people like ours. So far, I know that I have your approval: I read it in your faces. It is only with the measures we have had to adopt, in order to set matters to rights, that you take issue. No one regrets the necessity for violence more than we do. Unhappily, there are times when violence is the only way in which social justice can be secured. At another time, you should condemn an Archbishop by vote of Parliament and execute him formally as a traitor, and no one would have to bear the burden of being called murderer. And at a later time still, even such temperate measures as these would become unnecessary. But, if you have now arrived at a just subordination of the pretensions of the Church to the welfare of the State, remember that it is we who took the first step. We have been instrumental in bringing about the state of affairs that you approve. We have served your interests; we merit your applause; and if there is any guilt whatever in the matter, you must share it with us.

　　46. What is the major writing technique (logical device) used in the essay? (2 points)

　　47. Provide an outline for this short essay. (8 points)

　　48. In Paragraph One the Knight very skillfully does three things. What are they and where does he do each of these? (3 points)

　　49. Where does the Knight stop flattering Becket and, instead, start attacking him? (2 points)

　　Part Three Translation (60%)

　　Section A (40 points, 20 points for each passage)

　　Directions: Put the following two passages into Chinese and write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　Passage One

　　What I like best are the stern cliffs, with ranges of mountains soaring behind them, full of possibilities, peaks to be scaled only by the most daring. What plants of the high altitudes grow unravished among their crags and valleys? So do I let my imagination play over the recesses of Laura’s character, so austere in the foreground but nurturing what treasures of tenderness, like delicate flowers, for the discovery of the venturesome.

　　Passage Two

　　On a grey morning of last week I duly turned up at Euston（奥斯顿）, to see off an old friend who was starting for America.

　　Overnight, we had given him a farewell dinner, in which sadness was well mingled with festivity. Years probably would elapse before his return. Some of us might never see him again. Not ignoring the shadow of the future, we gaily celebrated the past. We were as thankful to have known our guest as we were grieved to lose him; and both these emotions were made manifest. It was a perfect farewell.

　　Section B (20 points)

　　Directions: Put the following passage into English and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　这一天，七姐妹又来到金湖洗澡。湖面洁净如镜，在太阳照射下闪动着粼粼波光。姐妹们在水中追逐嬉戏，就像七条畅游的金鱼，七朵绽放的鲜花。她们玩得那样开心，差点儿忘记了回家的时间。

　　太阳渐渐西移，七姐妹想起在家里焦急等待的父母，便上岸穿衣，准备回家。就在这时，最小的妹妹孔雀七公主南穆娜发现自己的羽衣不见了！六个姐姐帮她找遍周围的草地，还是找不到。是谁盗走了小妹妹的羽衣？